Research methodology and biostatistics

This book explores the foundational principles and applications of research methodology and biostatistics in the context of pediatric and preventive dentistry. It begins with an introduction to the nature and purpose of scientific research, emphasizing its critical role in advancing oral health care. The work systematically defines key terms and outlines the objectives, types, and significance of research.It then delves into various research designs, sampling methods, and data collection techniques, highlighting the importance of statistical reasoning in interpreting and validating findings. Core statistical concepts such as measures of central tendency, dispersion, normal distribution, and hypothesis testing are thoroughly discussed. Both parametric and non-parametric tests, as well as correlation, regression, and evidence hierarchy, are included to strengthen understanding of data analysis in clinical settings.The book concludes by emphasizing the role of computers in data analysis and the necessity for ethical, accurate, and well-designed research in dentistry