The aim of this study is to analyse the research that has been carried out in relation to the evaluation of the academic performance of Primary School pupils participating in the Bilingual Programme of the Community of Madrid. From the literature review it is concluded that performance in Language and Mathematics in all the studies analysed is equal or higher in bilingual schools compared to non-bilingual schools, that performance in English is higher in bilingual schools, and that in General Culture (partly coinciding with the area of Science, normally taught in English and assessed in Spanish in bilingual schools) the results are lower in bilingual schools compared to non-bilingual schools in most of the research analysed.