Axiological models in historical discourse

The article analyzes the value categories in the sphere of spiritual culture of Ukrainian and Scythian tribes. Oppositions good - evil, life - death, freedom - slavery, loyalty - treason are the basic axiological models in the worldview of Ukrainians. The value paradigm of the spiritual sphere of Scythian tribes is formed by the binary models of death - life, ruthlessness to enemies - loyalty to battle brothers, victory as a feat - defeat as a shame, faith - apostasy. When considering the principles of functioning of binary models of the Cossack epoch (XVI - XVIІ - XVIІІІ centuries), we single out dualistic oppositions: Cossacks - nobility, power - people, expansion - defense, Cossacks - Polish soldiers, non-registered - register Cossacks, victory - defeat, will - serfdom, Orthodoxy - Catholicism, life - death, war - peace, battle - compromise agreement. Axiological strategies of the Ukrainian Cossacks (XVI - XVIІ - XVIІІ centuries) are manifested in antagonistic models of historical communication. The main value categories are the dichotomous models of Cossacks - Turks, Cossacks - Polish nobility.