There are many peace museums in Japan, but the quality of the exhibitions is problematic because Japans victim side of World War II tends to be exhibited at public peace museums without exhibiting Japans aggression. The Osaka International Peace Centre is a public peace museum, but the exhibitions on Japans aggression could remain in spite of nationalists attacks in the 1990s, which raised a question why it was possible to exhibit Japans aggression. The aim of this book is to explore citizens efforts for promoting peace and reconciliation at peace museums in Japan in the 1990s. This book brings into light citizens efforts for peace and reconciliation at the Osaka International Peace Centre and also three private peace museums. It is argued that citizens active attitude and action are the key factors for peace museums to exhibit the historical truth (Japans aggression) and engage in peacemaking at both public and private peace museums. This book should be useful to professionals in peace education, peace research, and peace making through peace museums, or anyone else who is interested in promoting peace.