WHERE WHEN AND HOW ANCESTRAL (LUCA) TO ALL LIFE ORIGINATED

The book is all about the living beings. All living beings, including humans have originated and

evolved from the Last Universal Common Ancestor: LUCA that was possible as a result of

spontaneous step-by-step chemical origin in about 3.750 billion years ago from the elements

consisting of life body, such as nitrogen bases (adenine, thyamine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil, which are made up off the elements - C, H, O, N) and ribose sugar.

This life originated in the sediments of the palaeo floodplains at the palaeo mouths of fresh water flows/rivers on the Hadean surface in the Archaean Eon. This was a global phenomenon. The life on the rocky planet like our Earth was possible because of existence of fresh water bodies over minerals, metals, and clay deposits, which rested on Hadean surface and active geological processes and active environments.

The book also makes an attempt to explain as to how do the simple elements, like C, H, O, N, S,

and P first change to simple chemistry - H 2 O, NH 3 followed by CH 4 HCN, and monomers -

monosaccharides, amino acids, glycerols/fatty acids, nucleotides, and polymers - carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. There was not much development for about 3210 million years (from 3750 million years to 540 million years) and suddenly changed/jumped to complex life forms in about 541 million years ago. Here the life originated and evolved without head and heart from 3750 million years ago to 522 million years ago, i.e., for about 3228 million years. The head was originated and evolved in about 521million years ago.

However, consciousness emerged along with bonding of carbon with hydrogen and other elements which were finally converted into nucleosides having nitrogenous base and ribose sugar. The gravity and gravitational force intertwined with electromagnetic force were the reason there were bonding of carbon and hydrogen and other elements to originate and evolve LUCA, which stayed away from thermodynamic equilibrium.