Tuberculosis and its Advanced Therapy

Lecture Notes from the year 2018 in the subject Pharmicology, grade: A, language: English, abstract: Tuberculosis [TB] is an infectious disease that can affect any part of the body, mainly an infection of the lungs. In a Neo-Latin word, tuberculosis is termed as TUBERCLE which means round nodule and OSIS which means condition. The causative organism for tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human and Mycobacterium bovis in animals. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is small, aerobic, nonmotile bacillus. The other causative organisms are Mycobacterium africanum and Mycobacterium microti. The non-mycobacterium genuses are Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium asiaticum. The M.Tuberculosis complex consists of M.africanum, M.bovis, M.canetti, and M.microti. According to WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (WHO), in 2012 they estimated around 8.6 million cases in which women were found approximately around 2.9. Most cases were found in Africa (27%) and Asia (58%), with the highest incidence in India (2.0-2.4 million), China (0.9-1.1 million); and total accounted the number of cases is 38%.