<em>Molecular Sieves - Science and Technology</em> covers, in a comprehensive manner, the science and technology of zeolites and all related microporous and mesoporous materials. Authored by renowned experts, the contributions are grouped together topically in such a way that each volume of the book series deals with a specific sub-field. <strong>Volume 4</strong> covers the characterization of molecular sieves with the help of the most important spectroscopic techniques (<strong>Characterization I</strong>), i.e. IR, Raman, NMR, EPR, UV-VIS Spectroscopy, X-ray absorption, photoelectron and Mِssbauer Spectroscopy. Theory, experiment and application in selected examples are discussed.