HYBRID INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM MODEL

Diving deeper into the concept of innovation ecosystems and the actors involved in these environments, a systematic review of publications in the Web of Science database was conducted using content analysis and bibliometrics to present some important data. The objective of this research was to create a hybrid model of the innovation ecosystem. To achieve this, after an analysis protocol, 89 articles were thoroughly examined. From this analysis, various actors were identified as playing crucial roles in the efficient operation of innovation ecosystems. These actors include universities, companies, governments, research institutes, and, importantly, startups and individual entrepreneurs, who often introduce disruptive innovations. Universities are highlighted as essential sources of knowledge and talent development. They not only provide advanced education but also offer research opportunities that can be directly translated into practical innovation. In turn, companies act as catalysts, deploying innovations on a large scale and ensuring new technologies reach the market.