A Stochastic Model for Immunological Feedback in Carcinogenesis: Analysis and Approximations

Stochastic processes often pose the difficulty that, as soon as a model devi- ates from the simplest kinds of assumptions, the differential equations obtained for the density and the generating functions become mathematically formidable. Worse still, one is very often led to equations which have no known solution and dont yield to standard analytical methods for differential equations. In the model considered here, one for tumor growth with an immunological re- sponse from the normal tissue, a nonlinear term in the transition probability for the death of a tumor cell leads to the above-mentioned complications. Despite the mathematical disadvantages of this nonlinearity, we are able to consider a more sophisticated model biologically. Ultimately, in order to achieve a more realistic representation of a complicated phenomenon, it is necessary to examine mechanisms which allow the model to deviate from the more mathematically tractable linear format. Thus far, stochastic models for tumor growth have almost exclusively considered linear transition probabilities.